时间:2024年01月31日 阅读量 : 1889
考点一: 动名词作主语
例1.________ (have) a good teacher makes a big difference when you’re learning to drive.
【答案】Having
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当你在学开车时,有一个好老师会有很大的不同。句子缺少主语,故用动名词形式作主语,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having。
考点二:动词不定式作主语
例2. It is bad manners ________(stare) at someone that you are not familiar with.
【答案】to stare
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:盯着不熟悉的人看是不礼貌的。it是形式主语,此处应用不定式做真正的主语。故填to stare。
考点三:动名词作动词宾语
例3.To obtain food and avoid ______ (catch), they have to depend on other senses such as smell and their ability to detect slight changes in water pressure.
【答案】being caught
【解析】考查非谓语动词和语态。句意:为了获得食物,避免被抓,他们不得不依赖嗅觉等其他感官以及依靠侦察水压的细微变化的这种能力。动词avoid后面接动名词,表示“避免做某事”,由于catch和they是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以此处动名词需用被动语态。故填being caught。
考点四:动名词作介词宾语
例4.The reporters are busy________(interview) the players before the game.
【答案】interviewing
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:记者们在赛前忙着采访运动员。be busy (in) doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“忙于做某事”。故填interviewing。
考点五:remember等两栖类动词接不定式和动名词
例5. Do you still remember ________(ask) the question by your kids?
【答案】being asked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:你还记得你的孩子问过你这个问题吗?remember to do sth.表示“记得要去做某事”,remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”;根据句意,指“是否记得被问过”应用remember doing sth.结构,用动名词作宾语,结合“by your kids”可知应用被动式,表示“被问过”。故填being asked。
考点六:动词不定式作定语
例6. The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
【答案】to be completed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。根据next year可知 ,用动词不定式作后置定语,the airport与complete在逻辑上是被动关系。故此处to be completed表将来、被动。故填to be completed。
考点七:过去分词作定语
例7.Problem ________(discuss) at the meeting yesterday was very difficult to solve.
【答案】discussed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天会上讨论的问题很难解决。根据句子结构分析可知,此处discuss为非谓语动词做定语,修饰名词problem,因为problem与discuss是被动关系,因此需要使用过去分词。故填discussed。
考点八:过去分词作定语
例8.I got a note from Mary ______ (urge) me to get in touch.
【答案】urging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我收到玛丽的一封信,敦促我与她联系。分析句子结构可知urge在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语note构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填urging。
考点九:过去分词作状语
例9.__________ (move) by the peaceful music, he decided to study classical music in university.
【答案】Moved
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:被平和的音乐所打动,他决定在大学里学习古典音乐。分析句子结构可知,句子谓语动词为decided,所以空处需填非谓语动词形式,句子主语he和move之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词表被动。故填moved。
考点十:现在分词作状语
例10.We took the foreigners to the tea room in our school, ________ (aim) at helping them better understand our tea-drinking culture.
【答案】aiming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们带外国人到我们学校的茶室,旨在帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化。空处作状语,应用非谓语动词,逻辑主语we和aim at“旨在,目的在于”之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填aiming。
考点十一:不定式作状语
例11._____________(prepare) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
【答案】To help
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知,老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故填To help。
考点十二:现在分词作宾语补足语
例12.Be quiet! Do you hear someone ________ (shout) for something?
【答案】shouting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:安静点!你听到有人喊什么东西了吗?hear somebody doing,表示“听到某人做某事”,用现在分词做宾补,表示主动。故填shouting。
考点十三:动词不定式作宾语补足语
例13.Our officers are moving them along and not allowing them __________ (gather) in large groups.
【答案】to gather
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:我们的官员正在驱赶他们,不允许他们大批聚集。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事,固定短语,故此处用动词不定式。故填to gather。
考点十四:with复合宾语结构
例14.With a note __________ (attach) to the gift inside the package, it expressed Tom’s best wishes to me.
【答案】attached
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:包裹里的礼物上贴着一张纸条,表达了汤姆对我最好的祝愿。分析句子可知,“With a note (attach) to the gift inside the package”是“with复合结构”,动词attach作宾语note的补足语,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语note之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词表被动。故填attached。
考点十五:非谓语用作插入语
例15.____________(compare) with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
【答案】Compared
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:与整个地球的大小相比,最高的山看起来一点也不高。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,be compared with sth.为固定短语,表示“与某物比较”,作状语时去掉be动词即可,过去分词形式compared置于句首,首字母大写。故填Compared。
过关检测1 非谓语作定语
微技能一:动词不定式短语作定语,多表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。
1.Having so many years of experience, he has the capacity ____(organize) the Chinese painting exhibition to be held on Friday perfectly.
1.to organize。考查非谓语动词。句意:有多年的经验,他有能力完美地组织即将在周五举行的中国绘画展览。have the capacity to do sth.“有能力做某事”为固定用法,此处用动词不定式to organize作后置定语,修饰名词capacity。故填to organize。
2.The researchers found that local efforts ____(improve) water quality and stop overfishing did not increase the coral reefs’ chances of survival.
2.to improve。考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员发现,当地改善水质和停止过度捕捞的努力并没有增加珊瑚礁的生存机会。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词efforts,表示“做某事的努力”应用the efforts to do sth.结构,其中不定式作后置定语。故填to improve。
3.Neither her skill of delicate, ironic observations on social custom, love and marriage nor her ability ______ (apply) a sharp focus to English manners and morals has abandoned her in her final finished work.
3.to apply。考查非谓语动词。句意:无论是她对社会习俗、爱情和婚姻的微妙、讽刺的观察技巧,还是她对英国礼仪和道德的敏锐关注,都没有在她最后完成的作品中抛弃她。分析句子结构,结合句意可知,在句中应用非谓语形式作后置定语。被修饰的名词是abliity时,惯常用动词不定式作后置定语,意为“……的能力”,故填to apply。
4.In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways ________(reduce) my carbon footprint on the planet.
4.to reduce。查不定式。句意:在我的日常生活里,我正在进行一次寻找不同方法来减少碳排放的旅程。固定短语a way to do something意为:做事的方法。设空处应用不定式作定语。故填to reduce。
5.For ByteDance’s 37-year-old founder, Zhang Yiming, it is part of an ambition_______(build)a global software giant. Now that ambition is in jeopardy(危机).
5.to build。考查动词不定式。句意:对于字节跳动37岁的创始人张一鸣来说,这是他打造全球软件巨头的雄心壮志的一部分。如今,这一雄心壮志已岌岌可危。此处是不定式作定语修饰抽象名词ambition。故填to build。
6.Can red TV dramas awaken a strong desire in young people ________(learn) about China’s revolutionary history? The answer is yes.
6.to learn。考查动词不定式。句意:红色电视剧能否唤起年轻人了解中国革命历史的强烈欲望?答案是肯定的。a desire to do sth做某事的欲望,动词不定式作定语。故填to learn。
7.So cautious was he in their first trans-Antarctic expedition that he was the first ________ (spot) the danger caused by the tip of that floating iceberg.
7.to spot。考查动词不定式。句意:在他们的第一次跨南极探险中,他非常谨慎,第一个发现了漂浮的冰山尖端所造成的危险。此处用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰the first,the first to do sth第一个做某事的人,故填to spot。
8.And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason __________(doubt) that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever.
8.to doubt。考查非谓语动词。句意:而且,在与许多世界上最重要的AI研究人员交谈之后,我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI。分析句子可知,“there is good reason (doubt) that...”是宾语从句,该从句中使用了there be句型,提示词doubt是非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰名词reason;reason to do...为固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填to doubt。
微技能二:现在分词短语作定语,多表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。
9.They will get a studio flat(单间公寓) _______________(measure) 23 square meters with a private kitchen, bathroom and a balcony.
9.measuring。考查非谓语动词。句意:他们将得到一套23平方米的带厨房、浴室和阳台的单间公寓。本句有谓语will get,因此空处填非谓语动词,measure“量度为……”与逻辑主语flat之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语。故填measuring。
10.The money will go to the Glide Foundation, a charity ____________ (provide) food, health care, housing and job training for San Francisco's homeless.
10.providing。考查非谓语动词。句意:这些资金将会投给格莱德基金会,格莱德基金会是一个慈善机构,专为旧金山无家可归的人提供食物,医疗,住所和工作培训。根据句子分析可知,此处作定语,修饰charity,charity与provide之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语,故填providing。
11.Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state ________(rise) temperatures...
11.have been rising。考查动词的时态。句意:Mclntire说,自20世纪30年代以来,导致该州水压力上升的最大因素是气温上升……分析句子可知,空格处作谓语,根据句意,此处表示“是”,应用be动词;根据时间状语Since the 1930s可知,此处应用现在完成时态,故谓语动词为have been;此外,此处应用rise的现在分词作定语修饰temperatures,意为“正在上升的”。故填have been rising。
12.The study further strengthens the evidence ________ (link) smoking with early death.
12.linking。考查分词作定语。句意:这项研究进一步加强了将吸烟与早逝连接在一起的证据。分析句子结构可知,空格后面部分作名词evidence的后置定语,evidence与动词link之间存在主动关系,用现在分词,故填linking。
13.There is already a long list of people ____(claim) her attention.
13.claiming。考查非谓语动词。句意:已经有一长串的人引起了她的注意。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰people,因people和动词claim为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填claiming。
14.The topic __________(discuss) now has drawn some experts’ attention.
14.being discussed。考查非谓语动词。句意:现在正在讨论的话题已经引起了一些专家的注意。分析句子结构可知discuss在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语topic构成被动关系,结合后文now可知表示正在进行,应用being done形式。故填being discussed。
15.They spared no effort to save the building________ (date) back to the Qing Dynasty.
15.dating。考查非谓语动词。句意:他们不遗余力地抢救这座可以追溯到清朝的建筑。分析句子可知,设空处动词date充当定语修饰名词the building,二者之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应填现在分词。故填dating。
16.—Who are those people with the flags? —A group ________ (call) itself the League of Peace.
16.calling。考查非谓语动词。句意:——那些拿着旗的人是谁?——自称和平联盟的团体。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词call是被修饰的名词group主动发出的动作,用现在分词形式,表示主动,作后置定语。故填calling。
17.A global concert ________ (feature) many international musicians was held on April 18 in support of health workers.
17.featuring。考查现在分词。句意:以很多国际音乐家为特色的全球音乐会在4月18日举行了,其目的是为了支持医疗工作者。根据句子分析可知,此处作定语,concert与feature之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作后置定语,故填featuring。
微技能三:过去分词短语作定语,多表示一个被动的、已经发生的动作。
18.The boy ________ (seat) on the sofa is enjoying a film.
18.seated。考查过去分词。句意:坐在沙发上的男孩正在欣赏电影。分析句子可知,非谓语动词seat(使就座)和逻辑主语The boy是动宾关系,seat用过去分词表被动作后置定语,修饰名词The boy。故填seated。
19.A tidal wave ________(cause) by the earthquake hit the coast, causing catastrophic damage.
19.caused。考查非谓语动词。句意:地震引发的海啸袭击了海岸,造成了灾难性的损失。句子的谓语是hit,设空处为非谓语动词,动词cause,意为“造成,引起”,与逻辑主语A tidal wave之间为动宾关系,设空处应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填caused。
20.The results indicated that something_________(produce) by the mould had killed the bacteria.
20.produced。考查非谓语动词。句意:结果表明,霉菌产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词had killed,所以produce应该用非谓语动词,它的逻辑主语是something,两者是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填produced。
21.The English today is quite different from the English ________ (speak) three hundred years ago.
21.spoken。考查非谓语动词。句意:今天的英语和三百年前说的英语大不相同。分析句子结构可知,speak与English构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填spoken。
22.We call on the people ________(relate) to the case to handle the tough problem by joint efforts.
22.related。考查非谓语动词。句意:我们呼吁有关人员共同努力,解决这个棘手的问题。句中call是谓语,空格处用非谓语动词作后置定语,people和relate之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填related。
23.Sandwich _________(wrap) with transparent film tightly and securely with no gaps for tampering by finger also came under the definition of “Prepackaged Food”.
23.wrapped。考查非谓语动词。句意:用透明薄膜包裹的三明治也属于“预包装食品”,包装严密、安全,没有可被手指篡改的缝隙。分析句子成分可知,空处应为非谓语动词,且和主语“Sandwich”之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词,作定语。故填wrapped。
24.The problem________ (discuss) last Friday attracted the attention of everyone present at the meeting.
24.discussed。考查过去分词。句意:上周五讨论的问题引起了出席会议的所有人的注意。空处为非谓语动词,The problem与discuss为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填discussed。
25.Happiness is like a small stone ________ (drop) into a pool to cause a circle of ripples. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25.dropped。考查非谓语动词。句意:幸福就像一颗小石头掉进池塘里,激起一圈涟漪。此处drop意为“投,丢”,drop与逻辑主语stone构成被动关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填dropped。
过关检测2 非谓语作状语
微技能一:动词不定式短语多作目的和结果状语,强调与句子主语之间的主动关系。
1.I had to stop at the traffic lights and put down the sun visor ____________(shade) my eyes from the sun.
1.to shade。考查非谓语动词。 句意: 我不得不在交通信号灯处停车,然后放下遮阳板来遮挡阳光。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to shade。
2.After school, we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only ____________ (find) that it was being decorated.
2.to find。考查非谓语动词。句意:放学后,我们去阅览室看书,结果发现阅览室正在装修。分析句子可知,设空处充当句子结果状语, 表示意外的结果应使用only+不定式,故填to find。
3. ____________ (improve) the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.
3.To improve。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了提高员工的工作效率,主管会允许他们休息喝杯咖啡。improve在句中作目的状语,故用不定式,句首单词首字母要大写。故填To improve。
4.I love reading poetry and I try to set aside some time each day ________ (read) poems.
4.to read。考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢读诗,我试着每天抽出一些时间来读诗。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to read。
5.She hurried to the cinema, only _________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
5.to be told。考查不定式和被动语态。句意:她匆匆赶到电影院,却被告知电影票已经卖完了。根据句意可知,空格处用“only+不定式”表示出乎意料的结果,她是被告知,因此空格处用不定式的被动语态,即to be done,故填to be told。
6._______ (earn) enough money, they finally could move from their two-bedroom home to a seven-bedroom home in a rich neighborhood.
6.To earn。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赚足够的钱,他们终于可以从两居室搬到富人区的七居室了。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作状语,结合句意可知,此处表示目的意为“为了”,所以应使用动词不定式形式,earn与句子主语之间为主动关系,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填To earn。
7.Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York and Boston could all see winds up to 30 to 40 mph on Monday evening, which are strong enough ____________ (cause) power outages.
7.to cause。考查动词不定式。句意:巴尔的摩、费城、纽约和波士顿周一晚上的风速可能达到每小时30到40英里,足以导致停电。分析句子结构可知此处为sth/sb +be +adj.+enough to do sth的结构,应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to cause。
微技能二:现在分词短语多作目的、结果、伴随、时间或条件状语,强调与句子主语之间的主动关系。
8.Dequina studies the area carefully,________(figure) out where the eggs have been buried.
8.figuring。考查非谓语动词。句意:德奎娜仔细研究了这个地区,找出了这些卵被埋的地方。分析句子结构可知figure与逻辑主语Dequina 构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填figuring。
9.________ (rescue) the drowning boy to the bank, he left without being noticed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9.Having rescued。考查非谓语动词。句意:他把溺水的男孩救到岸边后,就悄悄离开了。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,rescue与句子主语之间为主动关系,且发生在谓语动词left之前,所以应使用现在分词的完成式having rescued,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Having rescued。
10.Her husband died ten years ago, ________ (leave) her with three children to look after. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10.leaving。考查现在分词作状语。句意:她丈夫十年前去世了,留下她照顾三个孩子。结合句意空处应填现在分词形式leaving,作结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果。故填leaving。
11. ____________ (concentrate) deeply on his work, the engineer ignored what was happening out in the streets.
11.Concentrating。考查非谓语动词。句意:这位工程师全神贯注地工作,没有理会街上发生的事情。concentrate与逻辑主语the engineer构成主动关系,故用现在分词作原因状语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Concentrating。
12._________(receive) the letter from her best friend, Lucy ran towards home excitedly.
12.Having received。考查非谓语动词。句意:收到她最好的朋友的信后,露西兴奋地朝家跑去。分析句子可知,“(receive) the letter from her best friend”作时间状语,receive(收到)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Lucy之间是主动关系,且“收到”这一动作发生在谓语动词之前,应用现在分词的完成式表示主动和完成;句首单词首字母大写。故填Having received。
13.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happily _________(watch) anything that happened to be on.
13.watching。考查现在分词。句意:老人每天晚上都坐在电视机前,高兴地看电视上发生的一切。根据句意和所给动词watch分析句子可知,空格处只能填入watch的非谓语形式作状语,因为watch和句子的主语the old man之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词watching作状语。故填watching。
14.He volunteered to help control traffic, ________ (donate) an hour of his time every week.
14.donating。考查非谓语动词。句意:他自愿帮助控制交通,每周抽出一小时的时间。句中谓语是volunteered,前后无连词,空格处用非谓语动词,He和donate之间是主谓关系,空格处用现在分词表主动,作状语,故填donating。
15._____________(live) in Canada for three years, he still can`t speak English well.
15.Having lived。考查非谓语动词。句意:在加拿大住了三年,他还是不会说英语。分析句子成分,谓语动词为can’t speak,故空处需要填非谓语动词,并且live先于谓语动词发生,主语为he,和live为主谓关系,故需要用现在分词的完成形式having done。故填Having lived。
16._______ (judge) from his cheerful manner, he must have enjoyed his meal.
16.Judging。考查非谓语动词。句意:从他那愉快的态度来看,他这顿饭一定吃得很愉快。judging from从……判断,为独立结构,不考虑与逻辑主语的主被动关系。根据句意,故填Judging。
17.Last Sunday, while ________ (eat) in a restaurant, I noticed a bag left on the table next to mine.
17.eating。考查非谓语动词。句意:上周日,当我在一家餐馆吃饭时,我注意到我旁边的桌子上留下了一个袋子。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词eat是句子主语I主动发出的动作,而且和主句谓语noticed同时发生,所以用现在分词形式,表示主动和正在进行。故填eating。
18.Traditional Chinese activities, such as the dragon dance and Peking Opera, are performed as fixed programs, ____________ (add) diversity to local culture.
18.adding。考查现在分词。句意:传统的中国活动,如舞龙和京剧,作为固定节目表演,为当地文化增添了多样性。根据句意和所给动词add分析句子可知,空格处应该用动词add的非谓语形式作状语,因为动词add和句子的主语traditional Chinese activities之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词形式adding作状语。故填adding。
19. ____________ (combine) two or more elements in a chemical way, you will get at least one new substance.
19.Combining。考查现在分词。句意:把两种或两种以上的元素以化学方式结合起来,你至少会得到一种新物质。根据句意和所给动词combine分析句子可知,空格处应该填入动词combine的非谓语形式作状语,因为动词combine和句子主语you之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词形式combining作状语。故填Combining。
微技能三:过去分词短语多作结果、伴随、时间或条件状语,强调与句子主语之间的被动关系。
20.________( compare) with other sports, basketball features more continuous action.
20.Compared。考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他运动相比,篮球运动具有更连续的动作特点。features为谓语动词,空格处应用非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语basketball和compare之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。
21.He is a man of few words. He never speaks unless ________ (speak) to.
21.spoken。考查非谓语动词以及状语从句的省略。句意:他是个沉默寡言的人。除非和他说话,否则他从不说话。分析句子可知,设空处是句子的条件状语,和逻辑主语he是被动关系,应使用过去分词speaken;从另一方面解析,此处应当是条件状语从句的谓语部分,完整的条件状语从句是:unless he is spoken to,根据状语从句省略原则可以省略从句中的主语和助动词be,故填spoken。
22. ____________ (separate) from her parents in the crowds, the little girl felt scared and helpless and started to cry.
22.Separated。考查非谓语动词。句意:在人群中与父母分离,小女孩感到害怕和无助,开始哭泣。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词,结合语意,separate与逻辑主语the little girl之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作状语。故填Separated。
23.___________(found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.
23.Founded。考查非谓语动词。句意:1905年革命后,该公司在莫斯科成立,最终于20世纪20年代末落户特拉维夫。分析句子可知,“(found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution”作状语,found(成立)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the company之间是被动关系,且“found”这一动作已经完成,应用过去分词表示被动和完成;句首单词首字母大写。故填Founded。
24.________ (dress) in a full body suit of ice, a symbol of purity and strength, the panda wears a helmet with colored halo (光环).(
24.Dressed。考查非谓语动词。句意:熊猫穿着象征纯洁和力量的全套冰衣,戴着带彩色光环的头盔。固定搭配be dressed in“穿着”,省去be动词,使用过去分词作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Dressed。
25.________ (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
25.Selected。考查非谓语动词。句意:从世界各地的收藏品中挑选出来,这是他40多年来第一次大型作品展览。select与逻辑主语it之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Selected。
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