1. abroad 到国外

go abroad 出国

board 板

on board 在船[火车， 飞机， 汽车]上; 已装船

2. across介词，表面穿过

walk across the road

cross 动词,越过; 横过

cross the road

through 介词，空间穿过

go through the window

past 介词，经过

walk past the post office

pass 动词,通过; 走过

pass the test

3. alive活着的

I am still alive.

live 形容词或副词，现场直播

is covered live

live 动词，居住

live in the city

lively活泼的 

make his class lively and interesting

living 名词，生计

make a living 维持生活，谋生

a living room,起居室，客厅

4. lonely 形容词，孤独

feel lonely

lonely 形容词，孤零零

a lonely house

alone 形容词或副词，独自

live alone

along 介词，沿着

walk along the street

5. asleep睡着的

fall asleep

sleepy困倦的

feel sleepy

6. fall 落下，倒 

fall down

fell：fall的过去式 (fall—fell---fallen)

feel觉得 feel sleepy/tired---过去式felt

7. badly — worse

Jim acted badly, but Tom did worse.

well—better

He plays football well and his father does better.

8. boring, interesting, exciting, tiring…修饰物

an interesting story

bored, interested, excited, tired…修饰人

feel bored

9. borrow借进（以句子主语为参照物）

May I borrow your pen?

lend借出（以句子主语为参照物）

Could you lend me some money?

keep 借一段时间

How long can I keep the magazine?

10. both两者都

Both of his parents are workers.

all三者以上都

All of my classmates are from China.

neither两者都不

Neither of my hands is clean.

none没有一个（三者及以上）

None of the four apples is/are red.

nothing 什么都没有

There’s nothing in the fridge.

11. care

take care of

careful 形，仔细的

be careful with fire

carefully 副，仔细地

listen carefully

careless 形，粗心的

a careless student

carelessly 副，粗心地

drive carelessly

carelessness 名，粗心

Your carelessness led to the mistake.

12. take带走（以说话者为中心）

remember to take a raincoat

bring带来（以说话者为中心）

bring your book here

carry拿，无方向

Could you help me carry the books?

13. close动词，关闭

close the door

close 形容词，亲密的 

my closest friend

closed形，关着的

keep the door closed

14. closely副，密切地

work closely with us

15. brave形，勇敢的

He is brave enough to save the old man.

courage 名，勇气

have the courage to tell him the bad news

bravely 副，勇敢地

face the difficulties bravely

16. dead形容词，死的

have been dead

die动，死亡 

die of hunger

death名，死亡

the death of his pet makes him so sad.

17. especially副，尤其

He is good at all subjects, especially maths.

specially副，专门

The pen is specially designed for the boy.

special形，特殊的

a special day

18. except除了

All the students except Tom will go for a school trip.

expect期待

You are expected to bring it back when you return.

19. excited形，激动的，修饰人

feel excited

exciting形，激动人心的，修饰物

an exciting film

excitedly 副词，修饰动画

shouted excitedly

excitement名词

shout with excitement

20. a little一些，修饰不可数名词

a little money

a few一些，修饰可数名词

a few trees

little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词

There’s little water in the glass, is it?

few几乎没有，修饰可数名词

so few students

21. form 形成

form a good reading habit

from 从……

22. France法国/ French 法语

German德国的/ Germany 德国

23. hard努力

work hard

hardly几乎不

The boy hardly does his homework.

24. healthy健康的

keep healthy

health健康

it’s good for your health

healthily健康地

eat healthily

25. if如果 主将从现

If he comes, I’ll ｃａｌｌ you.

是否

I don’t know if he will come here.

whether是否 （如与ｏｒ连用，则用）

I wonder whether he’ll come ｏｒ not.

weather 天气

What will the weather be like tomorrow?

26. include 动词，包括

The list includes the names of many famous writers.

including 介词，包括

They have many pets, including three cats.

27. invent动词 发明

Edison invented a lot of things.

invention名词 发明

The invention made much difference to humans.

inventor名词 发明者

Edison was a great inventor.

28. last 上一个的

last year;

最后的

make her last apperance

动词，持续

The meeting will last one and a half hours.

lasting 形，持久的

a lasting value

29. lie名词，谎言

tell a lie

动词，说谎

He is always lying to us.

动词，位于

Japan lies to the east of China.

动词，躺，平放

He likes lying on the grass.

躺，平放；位于：lie—lay---lain

说谎：lie-lied-lied

30. luck名，运气

good luck

lucky 形，幸运的

a lucky number

luckily 副，幸运的是

Luckily, we got better marks.

unlucky/unluckily

31. noise名，噪音

Don’t make any noise.

noisy 形，吵闹的

much too noisy

noisily 副，吵闹地

talk noisily

32. noise 名词，噪音

sound 名词，声音

We sat listening to the sound of the waves

sound 动词，听起来

The music sounds beautiful.

voice 名词,嗓音

The singer has a sweet voice.

33. provide提供

provide a chance for the boy

=provide the boy with a chance

offer 提供

offer a chance to the boy

=offer the boy a chance

34. other别的 ，加名词

other students

another另一个

I don’t like the pair of shoes, would you like to show me another pair?

the other 两个中的另一个,常用one…the other

Here is a shoe, where’s the other one?

others= other+名词

35. over/ under年龄的上下

above/ below温度，楼层的上下

36. peace名词，和平

love peace

peaceful形，宁静的

a peaceful village

peacefully 副，和平地

we hope to solve the problem peacefully.

37. pleasure名，乐意。

对方请求帮助 —With pleasure. 

帮助后对方感谢 —My pleasure./ It’s my pleasure.

pleasant 形， 修饰物

a pleasant trip

pleased形，修饰人

I am pleased with the robot.

38. pollute动，污染

The water will be polluted if you do that.

polluted形，被污染的

Our planet is becoming more and more polluted and crowded.

pollution 名，污染

noise pollution

39. quiet 形容词，安静的

keep quiet

quite 副词，相当

quite quiet

40. receive 收到

accept 接受

I received a valuable gift but I didn’t accept it because of its value.

41. realize实现，主语为人

I am sure you will realize your dream.

come true实现，主语为物

I hope your dream will come true.

42. raise升起，及物动词，后面必须跟宾语

raise your hand

raise the national flag

( raise—raised—raised)

rise不及物动词，后面不可以跟宾语

the sun rises

the price rises

the water level rises

( rise—rose---risen)

43. sad 形容词，悲伤的

too sad to say a word

sadness 名词 ，悲伤

share your joy and sadness

sadly 副词，遗憾的是

Sadly, few people were saved.

44. safe形容词，安全的

a safe place

safety 名词，安全

Safety comes first.

safely 副词，安全地

The plane landed safely.

save 动词，挽救

save money, save his life

45. satisfied形容词，满意的

I am not satisfied with the machine at all.

satisfy动词，满足

satisfy your need

46. search 搜索（范围）

search for （目标）

The police are searching the city for the murderer.

47. serve 动词,服务

serve the old couple politely

service 名词

I will never forget its good service./ be in service

48. smile名词，微笑

wear a big smile on her face

smile 动词,微笑

smile at me kindly

smiling形容词，微笑的

Her smiling eyes make her loved by all the people.

49. succeed 动，成功

At last, he succeeded in winning the first prize.

success 名，成功

It turned out that her speech was a big success.

successful 形，成功的

I’m sure that you’ll be successful.

successfully 副，成功地

At last, he won the first prize successfully.

50. take花费（时间）,主语是物

How long does it take you to fly to Chengdu?

spend 花费时间或金钱，主语为人

He spent 10,000 yuan on the bike.

cost 花费金钱，主语为物

The flat cost me 1,000,000 yuan.

pay 花费金钱，主语为人

They pay 100 yuan for the shoes.

51. though虽然

I take my medicine, though I do not like it.

thought 想的过去式

I've thought about it for some time.

thought 名词，想法

Her thought isn’t the same as mine.

through 介词，（从空间）通过

the light shines through the sharp teeth

52. wide 形容词，宽的 

The river is 300 metres wide.

wide 副词，张得(或开得)很大地;充分地（表示空间宽度 ）

open his eyes wide

widely 副词，广泛地 

English is widely used all over the world.

53. hope希望，实现的可能性大;

hope to do;

不可用hope sb. to do, 可改用hope 从句结构:

I hope to go to college.

My father hopes that I can go to college.

wish希望，可用wish sb. to do;实现的可能性不大，所以从句用虚拟语气

I wish I could get rid of the habit of smoking.

54. worry 名词， 担忧 

share your worries with me

worry 不及物动词，担忧；及物动词，使某人担忧

Don’t worry about your exams.

worried 形容词，担心的 

I am so worried about his health that I can’t sleep well.

55. have sb. do sth.让某人做某事

类似于make sb. do:

Will you like to have him ｃａｌｌ you back ?

have sth done 请人做

Her father had the book published.

have sth to do有……要做

I have too much homework to do today.

have done sth 做了某事

I have finished all my homework now.

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